Tuesday, August 9, 2022

Wendigo

 

The Wendigo was gaunt to the point

of emaciation, its desiccated

skin pulled tautly over its bones. With its bones

pushing out against its skin, its

complexion the ash gray of death, and its eyes

pushed back deep into

their sockets, the Wendigo looked like

a gaunt skeleton recently disinterred

from the grave. What lips it had were

tattered and bloody.

Its body was unclean and suffering

 from suppurations of the flesh,

giving off a strange and eerie odor

of decay and decomposition

of death and corruption.

“Basil Johnston, Ojibwe teacher and scholar,

Ontario, Canada” 

Barry, Clarence, Elenore and Tracy embarked on what ended up being a terrifying journey in which only two of them survived. The ground, covered in a thick layer of snow, crunched when walked upon. Cumulus clouds blanketed the winter sky. Crows flew from tree to tree, cawing messages to one another. A monster stomped through the forest looking for prey. Hungry all the time, he is only truly satisfied when he eats human flesh. An unsuspecting rabbit crossed its path. He pounced. The rabbit did not know what hit him. The monster gobbled up the prey and started looking for more. The more he ate the bigger he got, the bigger he got the hungrier he became. These creatures, known to Algonquian tribes of the Great Lakes region and other locations, are giants, much larger than humans, the Wendigo.

    The Wendigo are known to be malicious and murderous. They are associated with starvation, the north, and frigid cold temperatures. They hunt all year round but seem to be hungriest during the colder months. Their origins vary from one culture to the next. The Wendigo may have been human at one point and became possessed, forced to become a monster or they were born a monster. Stories vary.

    The most common belief which involved the Wendigo was they originated from a human who had to resort to cannibalism to survive. This terrible circumstance occurred more often when Indian people and settlers found themselves stranded and in a desperate situation, starving and trying to endure the cold of winter. Individuals may be forced to eat the dead of their traveling companions as an act of survival. Some legends involved humans who have succumbed to greed, gluttony and excess and may be possessed by the Wendigo. Their beliefs in the Wendigo  portrayed the importance of cooperation and moderation (Phillips, 2013).

    Barry stretched as he woke up from a long slumber. He nudged Elenore. She turned towards him and smiled. The cabin they rented with their friends was warm and toasty, each bedroom was equipped with a fire place coupled with the electric baseboard heating system. Elenore reached over and grabbed Barry’s arm and pulled him back into bed. He didn’t mind. Being close to Elenore was one of his favorite pastimes. After they snuggled for several minutes, Elenore took a shower.

    He opened the bathroom door and said, “I smell bacon cooking. Hurry up so we can eat before we hit the trails.”

    “Okay,” responded Elenore. She finished rinsing the conditioner from her hair.

    Elenore enjoyed staying at cabin. This was their second year of staying in the same location in an area of upper Minnesota. They decided to invite Clarence and Tracy, two of their best friends, to join them. Snowshoeing the trails during the crisp winter months was a perfect way to spend time in nature. They would talk around the fireplace in the living room at night about how things may have been during the earlier times. One conversation involved the snowshoe priest, Bishop Baraga, and how he snowshoed everywhere around the Michigan territory during the winter months. It amazed them that he traveled  so far on snowshoes.

    Elenore joined the others to eat a hearty breakfast of bacon, pancakes and scrambled eggs. Freshly brewed coffee topped off the satisfying breakfast. Elenore and Barry cleaned up the kitchen and did the dishes after everyone finished eating.

    “I will finish blow drying my hair so we can take off for our hike,” said Elenore.

    “I am glad I showered last night. I did not want to be outside with even slightly damp hair. It’s 18 degrees right now with a wind of 10 to 15 miles per hour. I don’t want my hair to freeze,” said Tracy.

    “I wish I would have thought of that. I am so used to showering in the morning.”

    Barry and Clarence brought in the snowshoes to warm them so they would be easier to put on.

   Barry spread the embers in the fireplace so the fire would die out while they were on their trek.

    A loud clanging sound rang through the cabin. They looked at each other to see who was going to check out what made the sound. Barry grabbed a long thin log from the pile by the fireplace and opened the door to the back yard where it sounded like the noise came from. Clarence was close behind him. Clarence pointed to the large metal garbage can that was tipped over on the concrete skirting of the storage shed. Three raccoons scurried off when they saw Clarence and Barry. They smiled when they saw the raccoons. Living in the city did not afford them opportunities to see much wild life. They enjoyed escaping to rustic surroundings and seeing the wild life.

    “What caused that noise?” asked Tracy.

    “It was raccoons digging through the garbage cans,” replied Barry.

    “Is this bear country?” asked Elenore.

    “There may be a few black bear, but they are more afraid of you than you are of them. Besides they are hibernating,” replied Clarence.

    “I am going to pack us peanut butter and jelly sandwiches and a thermos of hot chocolate in case we are gone awhile and we start getting hungry or thirsty,” said Elenore.

    “I will pack that thermal pack so the sandwiches won’t freeze,” said Barry. Barry usually packed anything he could he think of. He never wanted to be without something they may need. He prided himself on how prepared he was.

    To pass the time, the men chopped wood for the fire-places. Chopping wood made the men feel useful and it gave them an opportunity to show off their muscles. Their broad shoulders and sleek waists were the result of visiting the gym three to four times a week. The women also visited the same gym and were in very good shape. Tracy ran a 25-mile marathon last summer. She prided herself on maintaining her runner’s body. Elenore was not a runner but she worked out regularly at the local gym.

    They packed their back packs with water and extra mittens and hats. Their snowshoes were top of the line, easy to put on and lightweight. Barry and Clarence worked in Chicago at a law firm and recently made partner. Elenore and Tracy worked at an advertising agency. Money was not an issue. They were established in their careers and planned on being childless so they could enjoy the finer things in life.

    Elenore and Tracy placed hats on their heads, covered their hats with their hoodies and then clamped their hoods over their heads of their thermal coats to ensure their warmth. The men did the same.

    They headed to the trail. The sun brightened the snow, it crunched as they walked on it with their snowshoes. Snow hung heavily on the trees. The group was elated that the trail was groomed which made the excursion even more enjoyable.

    Trees lined the trail on both sides. They stopped to look at a babbling brook and small water fall. Posing several times to take selfies and group pictures to send to their friends back home.

    Barry picked up a strange scent. “Smell that?” he asked Clarence.

    “I do.”

    A large group of hawks were circling above them like buzzards circling their prey.

    Tracy approached Clarence and asked if he noticed the strange smell.

    He nodded.

    “Let’s head back and call it a day,” said Barry.

    Everyone turned around and headed back to the cabin. They had at least a couple of hours of snowshoeing before they would reach the cabin. After an hour, a group of four other people, who were also snowshoeing, were getting closer to them. Soon they met.

    “Hi. I think you are staying in the cabin down the road from ours,” said one of the men.

    “Hi. My name is Barry and he offered to shake the man’s hand.”

    “Hi. I’m Brad.” He shook Barry’s hand.

    “Let me introduce my group. This is my wife Elenore, this is Clarence and his wife Tracy.”

    “This is my wife Gertrude and my friend George and his wife Bethany.”

    Something made a loud crunching sound off to the side of the trail and the eight of them looked towards the direction of the sound.

    Brad pulled a handgun from his backpack and George did the same. Brad fired his gun in the air to scare off whatever made the sound. Tracy and Elenore jumped, not expecting the gunfire to be so loud.

    “We’re used to the sound of gunfire. Our husbands belong to a shooting association and gun clubs and take us with them all the time. We both learned how to shoot guns and have our own pistols,” said Gertrude.

    “I’m impressed,” said Tracy. She looked over at Elenore and thought she felt the same.

    “We smelled something strange a way back on the trail,” said Barry.

    “Never smelled anything like it before, it smelled rotten and sweet at the same time. That’s the best way to describe it,” said Clarence.

    “We will head back with you guys,” said George. Their group turned around and started following Barry and the rest of his group.

    They finally reached the cabins and George turned to Barry and said “We have a lot of different kinds of meat smoked from the day before. Why don’t you come over to our cabin tonight?”

    “What time?” asked Elenore.

    “Would 7:00 work for you?” asked Brad.

    “7:00 it is,” replied Barry.  

    Back at the cabin, Barry and Clarence cracked opened a couple of beers after pouring a couple of glasses of wine for their wives and sat down at the kitchen table to talk about what happened.

    “I don’t know about you, but I think something terrible is hiding in those woods,” said Clarence.

    “I’m with you. I think I will bypass going into the woods tomorrow and perhaps we will head into town and do a little shopping. I saw a couple of shops that may sell souvenirs that the wives may really like.”

    “We need to explore getting guns and learning how to shoot so we can protect our wives and ourselves,” said Clarence.

    “I know of a couple of places that sell guns and there is a place with a shooting range not too far from where our office is,” said Brad.

    “Since it’s only 4:00, I think we have time to take a nap,” said Clarence as he winked at Tracy. 

    Their new friends’ cabin was larger and had a second floor. Tracy and Elenore were given a tour. They drooled over the sauna and hot tub in the rec room.

    “You can come over anytime to use our sauna and hot tub,” said Gertrude.

    “That’s awfully friendly of you,” replied Tracy.

    “Dinner’s ready,” shouted Brad.

    It was a spread. There were smoked strips of New York Strip, turkey, chicken and ham. A bean dish, tossed salad and fruit sat in middle of the table next to the platters of meat.

    “There’s enough food here for an army,” said George proudly.

    “Hope everyone is hungry,” said Brad. He grabbed his plate and started loading it up with meat.

    “Save room for dessert,” said Gertrude.

    “Dessert?” asked Elenore.

    “Yes, we made brownies and apple pie,” said Bethany.

    Everyone gorged themselves on the delicious food.

    “I am going to make a fire. We have stories to tell you about what we think was in the woods today,” said George.

    “I am interested in what you think we heard and smelled,” replied Barry.

 

    After everyone helped clean up the kitchen, they sat down on the large sectional in front of the fireplace. George made a roaring fire. The blue and yellow flames danced around the burning logs. It was mesmerizing to watch.

    “We were talking to some of the local Indian people at the cafe yesterday and one guy told us about monsters that live in this neck of the woods. Scared the bejebees out of us so we decided to carry our guns with us today,” said George.

    “The Algonquian Indians have been telling legends for many years about monsters called the Wendigo. They told us they can possess you and get you to come to them. Wendigos prefer to eat human flesh and can survive in the harshest of weather. It’s like they prefer the cold. The more they eat the larger they get. They walk on two feet and may have been human before they were possessed and made into a monster. They have a funny smell and may smell like burnt flesh. They told us about a well-known case in which this man named Jack Fiddler, who happened to be a medicine man used his powers and defeated 14 Wendigos. These monsters are huge, some as tall as pine trees,” said Brad.

    Barry, Clarence, Tracy and Elenore looked at each other with huge eyes. They looked like they saw a ghost.

    “Even though this is scary, I think you need to hear about what we learned from the locals,” said Brad.

    “Go on,” encouraged Barry.

    “They told us that the Wendigo can take over a host slowly, taking over the person’s mind and body. They will give them nightmares and the host will become sleep deprived, slowly losing a grip on their sanity. They will experience an unbearable burning sensation with their feet and in the end will run into the woods barefoot no matter what time of year, screaming like a madman. They knew of a few people from their tribe they have lost. Never to be seen again,” said Brad.

    “Do you think that is what we smelled today?” asked Elenore. She huddled close to Barry and pulled her knees to her chest like she was protecting her feet.

    “Yes, I believe that’s what you smelled and what we heard,” replied George.

    “Let’s forget about this for a little while so we can all have a good night’s sleep tonight,” said Elenore.

    “Anybody up for a dip in the hot tub?” asked Bethany.

    “We don’t have a swimsuit,” said Tracy.

    “Let’s use our undergarments and you can use our robes while your things are drying,” said Bethany.

    “That will work,” replied Tracy. She was glad she wore a tank top over her bra so she would be more concealed.

     The hot tub was nice. They talked about their families, jobs and where they went to school. The wine was going to the women’s heads.

    “We should call it an evening,” said Tracy. She yawned and tried to cover her mouth to hide her tiredness. She was made fun of sometimes because she was usually the first one to say she wanted to go to bed.

    “Do you want to join us tomorrow when we go into town?” asked Elenore.

    “We would love that,” replied Bethany before anyone else could respond.

    “I am going to drive you to your cabin. You can’t take any chances at this time of night,” said George. He grabbed his gun and led them to his SUV.

    Before they closed the doors to the SUV, they heard howling off in a distance.

    “That’s just coyotes. You don’t have to be concerned about them unless you are a small animal,” said George.

    Elenore grabbed Barry’s hand. He squeezed her hand to reassure her.           

    Barry was tossing and turning in bed that evening. He was having terrible dreams. One of the dreams involved being chased by a large, scary monster. In another dream, he was tied up in the standing position and a monster was about to eat him. He woke up shaking. Elenore held him close and told him he was safe. 

    Barry was up cooking breakfast. He was using the waffle iron that came with the cabin. Fresh strawberries were crushed to put on top of the waffles.

    “Something smells good,” said Clarence. Clarence always hated his name but did not want to hurt his parents’ feelings so he didn’t legally change it. He was named after his great grandfather.

    Clarence walked over to the counter to see what Barry was doing.

    Barry looked over and smiled at Clarence. Barry decided to cook breakfast to keep his mind off the dreams he had the night before.

    Tracy and Elenore walked into the kitchen and sat down at the kitchen table.

    “Want some coffee?” asked Elenore. She poured a cup of coffee from the carafe and handed it over to Tracy after she nodded.

    “You look tired, Elenore,” said Tracy.

    “Barry was having nightmares last night so I held him close to me to provide him with reassurance and I had the light on. He said the dreams were so real.”

    “I am sorry to hear that, Barry,” said Tracy.

    “I slept like a log,” said Clarence.

    “I may take a nap sometime today so I can be peppy for tonight,” said Barry.

    “What time are we going into town?” asked Elenore.

    “I think we plan on meeting our new friends at the diner at about 12:30,” replied Clarence.

    Everyone enjoyed the waffles and departed to their separate rooms to shower and get dressed.           

    “Hi, everyone,” said Clarence. Their four new friends saved them seats at the diner. Another table had to be pushed next to theirs to accommodate everyone.

    Clarence opened the menu and started reading some of the choices to Tracy. She decided on the whitefish sandwich with fries and Clarence decided to pick his usual choice of a hamburger and fries. The others had a little more trouble deciding what they wanted to order. Most of the food was cooked on the grill and in fryers and they wanted something a little healthier after all they ate the night before. Elenore, Bethany and Gertrude ordered salads and a cup of soup. Brad and George and Barry all ordered the turkey subs.

    Barry told everyone about the dreams he had the night before.

    “I wonder if I put scary thoughts in your head when I told you about the Wendigo,” said Brad.

    “You may have.”

    One of the town’s tribal elder’s ears perked up and he pulled up a chair to their table.

    “You had dreams about the Wendigo, didn’t you?” asked the elder.

    “I did,” replied Barry.

    “That is not a good sign. The monster may be targeting you,” said the elder.

    “Why do you say that?” asked Barry. He looked concerned and looked at Elenore to see her reaction. She shared his feelings.

    “When they target you, they start by messing with your thoughts and dreams and it sounds like that’s what happened to you last night.”

    “I usually sleep like a log and I never remember any of my dreams,” said Barry.

    “He’s right. I normally have to ask him to lie on his side because he is snoring,” said Elenore.

    “My son went missing two months ago. He started having nightmares just like you,” said the elder.

    “You never found him,” inquired Brad.

    “No. There was no trace of him,” replied the elder.

    “I want to forget about all this horrible stuff and perhaps head home earlier than planned,” said Elenore.

    “I think that may be a good idea,” said Tracy.

    “Don’t let your guard down at all. Do not wander off. I would stay in your cabins until you are ready to leave or book rooms at the Cherry Blossom Inn if you would feel safer in town,” warned the elder. The elder left their table as soon as he warned them.

    “What do you want to do?” asked Barry.

    “I would like to check out tomorrow and head for home. I know I am talking for everyone but you can’t be too careful. That monster may be after you, Barry,” said Tracy.

    “I think Tracy is right. We can check out tomorrow and leave the key under the mat as instructed for the next people,” said Barry.

    “I have an idea. Why don’t you guys move into our cabin. We have plenty of room and it may be safer. At least for tonight before you leave tomorrow,” offered Brad.

    “I like that they have an upstairs. I would feel safer,” replied Elenore.

    “Then that’s what we will do. We will clean our cabin and move into yours for tonight,” said Barry.

    Their food was served and everyone sat quietly and ate for a while.

    “The food was really good. I enjoyed my soup immense-ly,” said Bethany.

    “I enjoyed my hamburger,” said Clarence. He rubbed his belly.

    “I want to go shopping and pick up a few souvenirs,” said Gertrude.

   They enjoyed exploring the shops and were surprised to find replicas of Wendigos in one of the Native American shops. The owner of the shop told them the replicas ward off the horrible creatures and also told them about placing sweetgrass and sage around their cabin to protect them. They did not buy anything in that store. They were from the city and were never exposed to any Native American customs, so it made them feel uncomfortable.           

    They returned to their cabins and Elenore, Barry, Tracy and Clarence started packing up their things and brought them to the car except for small overnight bags to take to Brad’s cabin. They heard coyotes howling in a distance and then they heard yelping like the sound of a dog that was injured. They hurried back to the cabin.

    “I am never going to go to a place like this, I mean one that is in middle of the woods again,” said Elenore.

    “I am never going to, either,” replied Tracy.           

    Before sunset, they headed to Brad’s cabin.

    They enjoyed a hearty game of Pictionary and ended up realizing that their new friends were as competitive as they were. The eight of them ended the evening playing Apples to Apples and laughed so hard their sides hurt. The bottles of wine they consumed added to their merriment. The clock in the den struck midnight.

    “I better turn in before I turn into a pumpkin,” chimed Barry.

    “I hope you have a restful sleep. I think you are going to find the beds very comfortable,” said Brad.

    “Thanks for letting us stay here,” said Elenore.           

    It was 3:00 in the morning. Barry sat up. He had a blank look on his face. He stood up and walked towards the bedroom door. He opened the door quietly and crept out into the hall. In a few minutes, he was outside standing in the snow because his feet felt like they were on fire. Steam rose from the spot he was standing. Barry was sleep walking. His name was being called. He walked towards the voice. Barry was led into a deep, dark cavern. He was tied to a long pole that was embedded in the floor of the cave.

    Elenore felt Barry’s side of the bed. She discovered he wasn’t there. She jolted out of bed and ran to find Barry. He was nowhere to be found in the cabin. Terrified she screamed for everyone to wake up. Streams of early daylight fell upon the dark kitchen tiles. Everyone came running.

    “What’s wrong?” asked a terrified Bethany.

    “Barry’s missing,” responded Elenore.

    “We will get dressed and look outside for Barry. You stay put,” ordered Brad.

    The three men went exploring outside around the perimeter of the forest. Afraid to walk into the forest.

    “I think we need to go into town and get the sheriff to help us and perhaps some other men will join in on the search,” said Clarence. He was fretting and rubbing his hands together and through his hair. Everybody was worried sick about Barry.

    The three men rode into town with the four women and stopped at the local sheriff’s office. The sheriff agreed to gather a bunch of men together to search for Barry.

    The group of men, fifteen in all, loaded with guns walked into the forest on the groomed path. Clarence was also given a pistol. He did have some experience hunting with his dad so he was somewhat familiar with using a gun. 

   Clarence’s back was to the woods, when a large hairy arm reached out to grab him. No one saw it happen. They turned to ask him how he was doing and noticed he was missing. They called out Clarence’s name. There was no answer. They had two men to find. The group of desperate men searched for hours. Night was quickly descending, and it was getting dark. They had to give up their search. The lost men were never found.

    Bethany and Gertrude held Tracy and Elenore for a long time, while they sobbed and sobbed. Scared and heartbroken, they decided to leave Minnesota and return to Chicago.

    Tracy and Elenore returned without their husbands. Both women moved in with their parents. Grief held them in its grip and did not let go of them for months after their time in the woods. They never returned to the woods again.           

    The Algonquin Indians have told legends about the Wen-digos for many years. Some believed they actually existed while others wanted everyone to live a life without gluttony and in an effort to live in cooperation with others so they told the legend as a way of promoting good behavior. The Wendigos origins vary, some were born a monster and others made into their monsters after they were forced to eat human flesh due to starvation. Reports of Wendigos go back to the 1600s. The television show Supernatural portrayed a Wendigo as a collector of humans so they could eat them throughout the long cold months. Wendigos were known to always be hungry and the more they ate the larger they became. Many people of all ages have been reported missing in locations in which Wendigos were thought to exist. Beware of the Wendigo, they may be watching you.    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tuesday, July 5, 2022

Pope Benedict Knew about Priest Who Molested 23 Boys

 


 

© Provided by The Daily Beast

The retired Pope Benedict XVI has come forward with an unusual confession. Rather than sticking with a highly contested denial that he knew nothing about the scores of predatory priests who were moved around German parishes when he was in charge of the Munich diocese, he now says he did know about at least one of them.

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In a statement issued over the weekend first to German media outlets and then to the Catholic News Agency, Benedict’s personal secretary Georg Gänswein sought to correct the record for the ailing ex-pontiff.

Gänswein admitted that Benedict did tell independent investigators hired by the German Catholic Church that he had no recollection of his proven attendance at a hearing about Father Peter Hullermann, a priest accused of abusing at least 23 boys aged 8 to 16. Gänswein says Benedict “would now like to make it clear that, contrary to what was stated during the hearing, he took part in the ordinariate meeting on Jan. 15, 1980.” Hullermann went on to allegedly abuse children until he was finally pulled from active priesthood in 2010.

“The statement to the contrary was therefore objectively incorrect,” Gänswein said in a statement about what the former pope told investigators. “He would like to emphasize that this was not done out of bad faith, but was the result of an error in the editing of his statement. He will explain how this came about in the pending statement. He is very sorry for this mistake and asks for this mistake to be excused.”



Video: Abuse report in German diocese faults retired pope (Associated Press)

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Abuse report in German diocese faults retired pope

Last week, the German law firm commissioned to investigate the German church found that before he was elected pope, Joseph Ratzinger was directly involved in at least four cases of predatory priests who he approved to be reassigned in full knowledge of multiple abuse allegations against them. Benedict led the Munich diocese from 1977 to 1982, when he was promoted to the Holy See to head the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith by his predecessor, Pope John Paul II.

But at the meeting in question, those in attendance who cooperated with the law firm’s investigation said Hullermann’s troubling situation was indeed discussed and that it was decided that since he admitted to sexually abusing a child, he would be given accommodation in Munich—under Ratzinger’s charge—while he received therapy. He was not at that time removed from active parish duty or kept from children. That would come later—when he was moved to a tourist parish in 2008 where he was described as “outgoing and friendly—especially with young people.”

Gänswein sought to clarify Benedict’s position—when he errantly told the investigators he wasn’t at a meeting he clearly attended—as an “editing error” referring to the agenda of the meeting, rather than whether he was there. “Objectively correct, however, and documented by the files, is the statement that no decision was made in this meeting about a pastoral assignment of the priest in question,” he said. “Rather, only the request to provide him with accommodation during his therapeutic treatment in Munich was granted.”

As it happened, an underling in the Munich diocese, Monsignor Gerhard Gruber, went on to accept all responsibility in Hullerman’s transfer. Benedict is now expected to issue further clarification, according to Gänswein, after he has completely reviewed the 1,900-page report by German investigators.

Benedict, now 94, was the first pope in more than 400 years to retire in 2013. His successor, Pope Francis, has not publicly commented on the German church scandal. The Vatican press office referred all questions to Gänswein.

Read more at The Daily Beast.

 

The Pasty Smuggling Ring

 


Tension was high at the remote area of the Mystery Spot, the location of a secret government operation. Evan and Jenny worked undercover at the Mystery Spot, Mackinac Bridge, and the Truck Stop Restaurant in St. Ignace, Michigan. Their families agreed to keep their FBI employment a secret and told their friends in St. Ignace they returned to St. Ignace because they missed their family.  An illegal pasty smuggling ring, under investigation by the FBI, had all law enforcement personnel in the area on alert in search of any suspicious behavior. The FBI learned that pasties were being transported from Mackinac City and were being dispersed all over Upper Peninsula and into the hands of people of all ages, including children. Part of the illegal activity included the making and selling of illegal pasties, pasties that were not made in the Upper Peninsula. The businesses were claiming the pasties were made in the U.P. Pasties were discovered and made for miners a long time ago to serve as a meal when they were working in the U.P. mines. They were meat pies surrounded by a crust and usually included potatoes and rutabagas. The goal of the secret government mission was to preserve the integrity and authenticity of U.P. businesses selling pasties.

    The Mystery Spot served as the perfect spot for the secret government building which provided the FBI with a top secret meeting facility. The building was located behind the world renown tourist attraction known for its optical illusions. It was hidden in the woods. A large building built of bricks to withstand the wet weather. The building did not get a lot of sun, hidden amongst a heavy growth of trees. A two-track dirt road led to the secret hide out. The road looked like any of the roads traveled by people who enjoyed traveling by four wheelers all over the scenic U.P. The large building had offices, meeting rooms and a place for people to sleep when they came from out of town or they worked on projects in the area. Jenny and Evan stayed at the building and drove older all terrain jeeps so they did not stand out from the rest of residents.

    Evan enjoyed his part time job at the Mystery Spot. He fit into the Upper Peninsula’s Yooper persona. He had long dark hair that was tied back with a pony-tail, had a beard and wore flannel plaid shirts, t-shirts and blue jeans. Evan was born and raised in St. Ignace and knew a lot of the locals. He went away to college to fulfill his desire to work in law enforcement.  He sought employment with the FBI after fulfilling a role as the local sheriff in another U.P. town. He had an eye for picking out suspicious characters and solved many crimes in his previous position. He built a name for himself when he worked closely with the FBI on many cases. He considered his current job, his dream job. Solving the crime of the decade and saving the Upper Peninsula (U.P.) pasty business was of the utmost importance.

    Jenny had a similar background. She was also born and raised in St. Ignace. Took a similar path of going away to college and working in Marquette as a City Police Officer. She ended up working with the FBI on many occasions to solve high profile cases. Jenny also fit the U.P. persona. She was tall and lean, had freckles and brown hair.  She wore her hair long and it was tied back in a pony-tail.  She wore t-shirts, flannel shirts and jeans. She could hunt deer with the best of the hunters in the area. She also built a name for herself so when she applied to join the FBI, they welcomed her with open arms. Her heart went out to the U.P. businesses that tried to sell locally made pasties. “People need to be told the truth,” was one of her favorite sayings. She hated lies. It was discovered that people were entering local establishments in pairs from the lower peninsula to sell pasties saying they are from the U.P. Their pasties were tasty so the authenticity of the goods was not questioned.

    Jenny and Evan traveled to Marquette to locate the address listed on the billing statement provided to the businesses that sold the pasties in question. The address was the location of a automobile body repair shop. The owners of the shop never heard of the pasty business. Their phones were tapped and they were under surveillance. These efforts proved they were telling the truth. Businesses ordered additional pasties by using a webpage or leaving a message at a phone number with the 906 area code. The business owners were told to leave a business name, address and the number of pasties they wanted to purchase. The business owners thought they were busy, that’s why they had to use that method to order additional pasties. The pasty company underpriced other pasty providers.

 

    Jenny and Evan met at Bentleys, a favored local restaurant, to discuss their plans.

    “I want the fish sandwich and a pop,” said Evan to the waitress.

   “I will have the same,” said Jenny.

    “We should be having a pasty, but I have been eating so many to compare that I am getting tired of them.,” said Jenny.

    “I never get sick of pasties. So far, they are all tasting the same to some degree. I haven’t tasted one that raised my radar, yet.”

    “I haven’t either.”

    “When are we holding our stake out at the Mackinac Bridge again?” asked Jenny.

    “I think we need to be at the bridge tonight. It’s Thursday night. Before the weekend. We may spot some suspicious activity,” replied Evan.

    “I will meet you at the regular spot?” asked Jenny.

    “Yes, meet me at the bridge look out.”

    The townsfolk thought Jenny and Evan were dating. They went to high school together and were in the same grade. He played the role of a jock who happened to be a closet book worm and she was openly a book worm. She hated jocks when she attended high school. He did not get any of her attention. They were seen together a lot lately and everyone thought there was a romance brewing. It was a small town and  the long-time residents liked watching the relationship grow. Some of them were bold enough to ask if wedding bells were in their future. They really didn’t know how they felt about each other. They were too busy working lots of hours at their part time jobs and doing surveillance which kept them tied up for hours each day. Jenny and Evan discovered they had a lot in common. They both liked hunting deer, hiking in the woods and fishing. The perfect ingredients for a successful relationship.

    “I have to get to work. Working as a maintenance worker for the Mackinac Bridge Authority provides me with an opportunity to see a lot of people as they cross the bridge. I have to clean windows today outside. Perfect opportunity for me to see people crossing the bridge. Keep your ear plug in just in case I have to reach you.” Evan preferred working at the Mystery Spot but the Mackinac Bridge job afforded better opportunities to spy on people coming from the lower peninsula. At the Mystery Spot he got to fool people by rolling a ball up hill with ease, having people sit on chairs or stand on walls and lean out  like they were floating and how they looked taller than one another when they stood on cement platforms.  A wife would appear taller than her husband. It was a fun place to work. Only one of them was able to work at this location to be close to the government building and he drew the lucky straw. 

    “I will keep my ear plug in. My work at the Truck Stop gives me plenty of opportunity to spy on people who travel from the lower peninsula,” said Jenny. Jenny was settling into her job at the restaurant. She felt some of the truckers could be crude and offensive. She considered the source and did not try to place too much importance on their advances. Both Jenny and Evan did what a lot of St. Ignace residences did to get by, work a variety of jobs to make ends meet. No one knew what they did before they returned to St. Ignace.

    They both climbed into aged jeeps and headed to their jobs. Smiling and waving at each other as they departed their parking spaces. Betsy, one of the Bentley waitresses, watched them leave. She was a long-time St. Ignace resident. She smiled and told Sally about what she saw. They had a wager going about how long it would take for them to get married. Betsy thought it would be a year and Sally thought within six months. They kept checking out Jenny’s stomach to see if there was a bun in the oven. Both Sally and Betsy had to get married.

    The Truck Stop was especially busy today, the weekend before the famous car show the end of June. Jenny was watching and listening as she served the customers. One of the customers got her attention. He was talking about pasties and how he was traveling to a town further north to deliver some pasties. Jenny headed to the kitchen to tell Evan through their ear buds. At the same time, Evan spotted people traveling north with lots of coolers sitting on the back seat of the car. He took out his binoculars and took down the license plate number. They looked suspiciously guilty like they were looking for the police. Things were happening fast. He called in the license plate number to the main office.

     Evan’s phone rang soon after he sent in the license plate number. It was George from the main office.

    “Hello. What did you find out George?” asked Evan.

    “The number you called in belonged to a man named Ethan Edwards who was brought in for smuggling illegal souvenirs into the U.P. last year. He had alibis for the times he was suspected of delivering the goods so they could not pin the illegal activity on him. I wouldn’t put it past him concerning the illegal pasties and fudge. People had made a lot of money selling pasties and fudge in the U.P. for many years. He probably wants to make a profit, too. We put out an alert and will have him located and followed.  We had a tracking unit attached to the bottom of their vehicle last year when they were under suspicion. They should be easy to locate if he has the same vehicle,” said George.

    “I can’t believe we finally have leads. Jenny overheard a conversation at the Truck Stop.”

    “She plans on watching them when they leave to take down their vehicle information.”

    “Do you think there are more than one person involved in this smuggling?” asked Evan.

    “It wouldn’t surprise me. There’s money to be made in the pasty and fudge business.”

     George gave Evan the web information to seek the location of the possible criminal. Evan entered the information into his phone and saw the car approach a wooden area in the U.P., possibly the location of a cabin.

    “I am going to pick you up and we are headed to a place where the smugglers may be,” said Evan to Jenny.

    “I just phoned in the license number of the man I overheard talking about delivering pasties. I got an earful about how this man was associated with a possible illegal souvenir ring. He had an alibi for the times he may have been seen in the U.P. so they could not pin it on him.”

    “George gave me the same information about the man I saw crossing the bridge with coolers in his back seat. I think they may be working together. I think we are finally going to break this case and be able to turn our focus on other cases in the U.P.,” said Evan.

    “I sure hope so. We owe it to the people who lived in the U.P. all their lives to be represented by people who only make the pasties in the U.P. You know my motto.”

    “I know. People must be told the truth.”

    Evan picked up Jenny at the Truck Stop and they headed to where the tracking device led them to near the small town of Trout Lake. They called for back up while they headed toward a dirt road in the middle of nowhere, the middle of the woods. They gave their coordinates, so they could be located.

    “I see a cabin with a light on over there,” Jenny said. She pointed to the far left of where they were driving.

    “I see it, too,” replied Evan.

    They parked the jeep in a small area near the side of the road and walked towards the cabin. The pulled their guns and walked as quietly as possible.

   Evan stepped on a twig and it sounded like it echoed throughout the woods. Jenny glared at him. He looked at her with an apologetic look. She motioned for him to walk behind her on the moss-covered ground. He followed her. They approached the cabin which appeared to be quiet and looked inside one of the back windows. They saw a light on in the front room and two men were sitting on a couch starring ahead. Evan and Jenny crept to the front of the cabin to look in. Both men were watching the television and laughing at what they saw. It appeared to be a movie about the Three Stooges. Jenny frowned. She thought shows about ridiculous antics were below her. The two men did not look familiar to her. They were not at the Truck Stop earlier. They knocked on the front door and decided to pretend they got lost and were looking for the main road.

    “Hi, my name is John and this is Sally. We were out exploring some of the dirt roads and  we can’t find our way back to the main road,” said Evan. Jenny tried to look forlorn and nervous.

    “Come in. We are just enjoying some tv before we turn in. We are hunters who come up here to hunt and explore the back woods,” said one of the men.

    “Can I use your bathroom. We’ve been on the road for a while?” asked Jenny.

    “Sure. It’s over there,” said the other man. He pointed down a hall.

    Jenny walked down the hall to the bathroom and while Evan was distracting them she explored the back rooms and discovered coolers of pasties in one of the rooms. She motioned to Evan that she made the discovery. They planned on waiting for back up before the men were questioned.

    “How long have you been coming to this cabin?” asked Evan. Jenny looked at him surprised that she didn’t think of asking them the same question.

    “We’ve been coming here for years,” lied one of the men.

    “What do you hunt for?” asked Jenny. She wanted to find out if they knew where they were at and what people hunted for in the U.P.

    “We are hunting elk?” said one of the men.

    They fell for the trap. Elk are not hunted in the U.P.

    “Have you had any success?” asked Evan.

    “Yes, we bagged two last year,” lied the man.

    Just as the man got those words out, vehicles pulled up outside the cabin. The men looked at each other with a look of surprise. FBI and the sheriff’s department stormed into the cabin.

    “We have a warrant to search your cabin said one of the officers.”

    Jenny pointed to the back room and two of the men headed in the direction she pointed.  They called out that they found the pasties.

    “Give us your drivers’ licenses,” ordered Evan. They looked confused and angry at the same time.

    “I work for the FBI and we have been on the trail of the smuggling of illegal pasties for a couple of years. We know that some of the businesses have been tricked into believing they were purchasing pasties made in the U.P. but they were actually made in the lower peninsula. The people in the U.P. deserve the truth and should not be swindled into thinking they are buying locally made goods,” said Gary, an FBI officer.

    The ID they provided had an address of Marquette, Michigan and the names on the ID’s were Ethan Edwards and Ely Goodman. Their fingerprints were taken and it was discovered that they had different names and came from a small town near Petoskey, Michigan. They broke and confessed that they have been selling pasties pretending they were made in the U.P. for a couple of  years and they told the officers that they were a part of the phony U.P. souvenir racket. They folded and sat on the couch heavily like the world was lifted off their shoulders.

    “We really like the U.P. and we are sorry we tried to trick the people here. What’s going to happen to us?”

    “Passing off goods by false advertisement is a federal offense. You will at the very least be facing some heavy fines,” responded Gary.

   The night ended with hauling both men off to spend time in the St. Ignace jail pending their day in court. The pasties were confiscated as evidence. They also found some of the illegal souvenirs in same room where the pasties were stored.

 

    “I think things ended just the way they needed to end. We saved the reputation of the people of the U.P. and captured the culprits who were passing off goods that were not made in the U.P. Their business with the phony Marquette address has been closed down for good. We do good work, my friend,” said Evan as he tapped Jenny’s hand. They were sitting at their favorite restaurant eating an authentically made pastie.

    “This was a case against the trolls that live below the bridge and the Yoopers in the U.P. and we won,” exclaimed Jenny. Evan smiled back at her.

    “Why don’t you try ketchup on your pastie next time?” asked Evan.

    “No, thanks. I like salt and pepper.”

 

Disclaimer: Actual names of places and towns have been used. The characters and actions in this book are fiction. There is no secret government facility located behind the Mystery Spot in St.Ignace, MIchigan.  Or is there? The author worked at the Mystery Spot when she was a teenager and enjoyed the experience. She remembers saying “You have heard of Isaac Newton’s theory, what goes up must come down. Not at the Mystery Spot” as she rolled a ball at what appeared to be up hill. The author was also aware of places of business that claimed the pasties they were selling, they made.  She felt that was false advertisement.

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

 

   

8 Reasons Why Rome Fell

 

8 Reasons Why Rome Fell

Find out why one of history's most legendary empires finally came crashing down.

JAN 29, 2019

ORIGINAL:

JAN 14, 2014

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1. Invasions by Barbarian tribes

The most straightforward theory for Western Rome’s collapse pins the fall on a string of military losses sustained against outside forces. Rome had tangled with Germanic tribes for centuries, but by the 300s “barbarian” groups like the Goths had encroached beyond the Empire’s borders. The Romans weathered a Germanic uprising in the late fourth century, but in 410 the Visigoth King Alaric successfully sacked the city of Rome. The Empire spent the next several decades under constant threat before “the Eternal City” was raided again in 455, this time by the Vandals. Finally, in 476, the Germanic leader Odoacer staged a revolt and deposed the Emperor Romulus Augustulus. From then on, no Roman emperor would ever again rule from a post in Italy, leading many to cite 476 as the year the Western Empire suffered its deathblow.

2. Economic troubles and overreliance on slave labor

Even as Rome was under attack from outside forces, it was also crumbling from within thanks to a severe financial crisis. Constant wars and overspending had significantly lightened imperial coffers, and oppressive taxation and inflation had widened the gap between rich and poor. In the hope of avoiding the taxman, many members of the wealthy classes had even fled to the countryside and set up independent fiefdoms. At the same time, the empire was rocked by a labor deficit. Rome’s economy depended on slaves to till its fields and work as craftsmen, and its military might had traditionally provided a fresh influx of conquered peoples to put to work. But when expansion ground to a halt in the second century, Rome’s supply of slaves and other war treasures began to dry up. A further blow came in the fifth century, when the Vandals claimed North Africa and began disrupting the empire’s trade by prowling the Mediterranean as pirates. With its economy faltering and its commercial and agricultural production in decline, the Empire began to lose its grip on Europe.

3. The rise of the Eastern Empire

The fate of Western Rome was partially sealed in the late third century, when the Emperor Diocletian divided the Empire into two halves—the Western Empire seated in the city of Milan, and the Eastern Empire in Byzantium, later known as Constantinople. The division made the empire more easily governable in the short term, but over time the two halves drifted apart. East and West failed to adequately work together to combat outside threats, and the two often squabbled over resources and military aid. As the gulf widened, the largely Greek-speaking Eastern Empire grew in wealth while the Latin-speaking West descended into economic crisis. Most importantly, the strength of the Eastern Empire served to divert Barbarian invasions to the West. Emperors like Constantine ensured that the city of Constantinople was fortified and well guarded, but Italy and the city of Rome—which only had symbolic value for many in the East—were left vulnerable. The Western political structure would finally disintegrate in the fifth century, but the Eastern Empire endured in some form for another thousand years before being overwhelmed by the Ottoman Empire in the 1400s.

4. Overexpansion and military overspending

At its height, the Roman Empire stretched from the Atlantic Ocean all the way to the Euphrates River in the Middle East, but its grandeur may have also been its downfall. With such a vast territory to govern, the empire faced an administrative and logistical nightmare. Even with their excellent road systems, the Romans were unable to communicate quickly or effectively enough to manage their holdings. Rome struggled to marshal enough troops and resources to defend its frontiers from local rebellions and outside attacks, and by the second century the Emperor Hadrian was forced to build his famous wall in Britain just to keep the enemy at bay. As more and more funds were funneled into the military upkeep of the empire, technological advancement slowed and Rome’s civil infrastructure fell into disrepair.

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5. Government corruption and political instability

If Rome’s sheer size made it difficult to govern, ineffective and inconsistent leadership only served to magnify the problem. Being the Roman emperor had always been a particularly dangerous job, but during the tumultuous second and third centuries it nearly became a death sentence. Civil war thrust the empire into chaos, and more than 20 men took the throne in the span of only 75 years, usually after the murder of their predecessor. The Praetorian Guard—the emperor’s personal bodyguards—assassinated and installed new sovereigns at will, and once even auctioned the spot off to the highest bidder. The political rot also extended to the Roman Senate, which failed to temper the excesses of the emperors due to its own widespread corruption and incompetence. As the situation worsened, civic pride waned and many Roman citizens lost trust in their leadership.

6. The arrival of the Huns and the migration of the Barbarian tribes

The Barbarian attacks on Rome partially stemmed from a mass migration caused by the Huns’ invasion of Europe in the late fourth century. When these Eurasian warriors rampaged through northern Europe, they drove many Germanic tribes to the borders of the Roman Empire. The Romans grudgingly allowed members of the Visigoth tribe to cross south of the Danube and into the safety of Roman territory, but they treated them with extreme cruelty. According to the historian Ammianus Marcellinus, Roman officials even forced the starving Goths to trade their children into slavery in exchange for dog meat. In brutalizing the Goths, the Romans created a dangerous enemy within their own borders. When the oppression became too much to bear, the Goths rose up in revolt and eventually routed a Roman army and killed the Eastern Emperor Valens during the Battle of Adrianople in A.D. 378. The shocked Romans negotiated a flimsy peace with the barbarians, but the truce unraveled in 410, when the Goth King Alaric moved west and sacked Rome. With the Western Empire weakened, Germanic tribes like the Vandals and the Saxons were able to surge across its borders and occupy Britain, Spain and North Africa.

7. Christianity and the loss of traditional values

The decline of Rome dovetailed with the spread of Christianity, and some have argued that the rise of a new faith helped contribute to the empire’s fall. The Edict of Milan legalized Christianity in 313, and it later became the state religion in 380. These decrees ended centuries of persecution, but they may have also eroded the traditional Roman values system. Christianity displaced the polytheistic Roman religion, which viewed the emperor as having a divine status, and also shifted focus away from the glory of the state and onto a sole deity. Meanwhile, popes and other church leaders took an increased role in political affairs, further complicating governance. The 18th-century historian Edward Gibbon was the most famous proponent of this theory, but his take has since been widely criticized. While the spread of Christianity may have played a small role in curbing Roman civic virtue, most scholars now argue that its influence paled in comparison to military, economic and administrative factors.

8. Weakening of the Roman legions

For most of its history, Rome’s military was the envy of the ancient world. But during the decline, the makeup of the once mighty legions began to change. Unable to recruit enough soldiers from the Roman citizenry, emperors like Diocletian and Constantine began hiring foreign mercenaries to prop up their armies. The ranks of the legions eventually swelled with Germanic Goths and other barbarians, so much so that Romans began using the Latin word “barbarus” in place of “soldier.” While these Germanic soldiers of fortune proved to be fierce warriors, they also had little or no loyalty to the empire, and their power-hungry officers often turned against their Roman employers. In fact, many of the barbarians who sacked the city of Rome and brought down the Western Empire had earned their military stripes while serving in the Roman legions.

FALL OF ROMEBARBARIANS

BY

 EVAN ANDREWS